Expert Interviews

Panelists discuss how Type 1 diabetes progresses through distinct stages, from initial autoimmunity with normal blood glucose (Stage 1), to dysglycemia without symptoms (Stage 2), to clinical diagnosis with symptoms (Stage 3), marking critical intervention points for treatment and management.

Panelists discuss how screening for Type 1 diabetes should focus on identifying high-risk individuals through family history, genetic markers, and autoantibody testing, while emphasizing the importance of early detection to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis.

Panelists discuss how delayed intervention in stage II type 1 diabetes can accelerate β cell destruction, leading to more severe clinical onset, increased risk of serious complications like diabetic ketoacidosis, and poorer long-term outcomes.

Panelists discuss how type 1 diabetes progresses through distinct stages, beginning with asymptomatic autoantibody presence, followed by dysglycemia, and ultimately manifesting with classic symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.

Panelists discuss early testing with autoantibody screening for type 1 diabetes in at-risk individuals, particularly those with family history or genetic predisposition, to avoid DKA at diagnosis and allow time for patient and family preparation.

Panelists discuss the burden of living with type 1 diabetes, including high levels of stress and anxiety and talk about how they help patients manage the daily requirements.

Panelists discuss how obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disrupts normal breathing during sleep through repeated upper airway collapse, leading to fragmented sleep patterns, daytime fatigue, and potential long-term health complications if left untreated.

Panelists discuss how Type 1 diabetes imposes significant physical, emotional, and financial burdens on patients through the lifelong need for insulin therapy, blood glucose monitoring, lifestyle modifications, and management of potential complications.

Robert Hopkins, Jr, MD, NFID medical director, details a range of resources on the foundation's website including in-depth vaccine recommendations, live webinars, plus much more.

The National Foundation for Infectious Diseases medical director appeals to the community at large to set politics and personal grievance aside and to "first, do no harm."