Expert Interviews

Todd W. Frieze, MD, discusses the therapeutic role of TSH suppression in differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as treatment goals and ongoing surveillance strategies.

Alex Tessnow, MD, reviews the presentation of hypothyroidism among elderly patients and outlines key considerations for treatment.

Panelists discuss how delaying intervention during Stage 2 Type 1 diabetes increases the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis and complications at diagnosis, while also potentially accelerating beta cell destruction and reducing the window for preservation therapies.

Panelists discuss how Type 1 diabetes progresses through distinct stages, from initial autoimmunity with normal blood glucose (Stage 1), to dysglycemia without symptoms (Stage 2), to clinical diagnosis with symptoms (Stage 3), marking critical intervention points for treatment and management.

Panelists discuss how screening for Type 1 diabetes should focus on identifying high-risk individuals through family history, genetic markers, and autoantibody testing, while emphasizing the importance of early detection to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis.

Panelists discuss how delayed intervention in stage II type 1 diabetes can accelerate β cell destruction, leading to more severe clinical onset, increased risk of serious complications like diabetic ketoacidosis, and poorer long-term outcomes.

Panelists discuss how type 1 diabetes progresses through distinct stages, beginning with asymptomatic autoantibody presence, followed by dysglycemia, and ultimately manifesting with classic symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss.

Panelists discuss early testing with autoantibody screening for type 1 diabetes in at-risk individuals, particularly those with family history or genetic predisposition, to avoid DKA at diagnosis and allow time for patient and family preparation.

Panelists discuss the burden of living with type 1 diabetes, including high levels of stress and anxiety and talk about how they help patients manage the daily requirements.

Panelists discuss how obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disrupts normal breathing during sleep through repeated upper airway collapse, leading to fragmented sleep patterns, daytime fatigue, and potential long-term health complications if left untreated.